Title IX of the Higher Education Act authorizes funding for graduate education. Institutional grants are authorized for fellowships and program improvement. National graduate fellowships are authorized in the arts, humanities, and social sciences. Programs are authorized to encourage under-represented groups to enter law schools and to encourage law school clinical programs.,Abstract -- Institutional Grants -- Graduate and Professional Opportunity Fellowships -- National Graduate Fellowships -- Legal Training for the Disadvantaged (CLEO) -- Law School Clinical Experience Programs -- National Commission Report -- FY 1986 Budget Proposal -- Program Issues -- Program Options.,K. Forbis Jordan, Senior Specialist in Education, Office of Senior Specialists,CRS 85-624,"March 18, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

The microthesaurus is a compilation of terms from the Legislative Indexing Vocabulary on employment and labor. While it does not include specific occupations, selected occupational groups are included. These terms may be used in searching the CRS Bibliographic Data Base, the Bill Digest files, and the Major Issues System on SCORPIO.,Shirley Loo, Specialist in Information Control and Automated Systems, Library Sciences Division,CRS 85-1028 L,"October 30, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

Wayne Riddle, Specialist in Education, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 85-596 EPW,"February 28, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This paper describes some of the concepts and principles of holistic medicine. It lists and briefly describes six components of holistic medicine, which consists of homeopathy, chelation therapy, acupuncture, clinical ecology, nutritional therapy, and stress reduction. It also describes the role of members of the health team in a typical holistic health center.,Sam Merrill, Jr., Analyst in Life Sciences, Science Policy Research Division,CRS 84-744 SPR,"September 10, 1984.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is the amount of money that persons who work and have a dependent child can have subtracted from their income tax, or have refunded to them if the credit is larger than their tax liability. This paper gives a history of the credit, discusses recent changes in law that index the credit to price inflation, describes how the credit is derived, compares the credit with other welfare programs, and provides summary statistics on the credit.,Abstract -- Introduction -- History. Work Bonus Plan ; Passage of the EITC ; Extension of the EITC (1975-1977 Laws) ; Permanent Status for EITC and Rise in Maximum Credit (1978 Law) ; Treatment of EITC by Benefit Programs ; Rise in Maximum Credit (1984 Law) ; Indexation of EITC and Rise in Maximum Credit (1986 Law) -- Eligibility -- Benefits. Levels Until 1987 ; 1987 and Thereafter ; 1987 Benefit Levels ; Comparison With Other Programs -- Data -- Appendix A: Summary Information on the EITC and Other Welfare Programs.,Carmen Solomon, Analyst in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division,CRS 86-1031 EPW,"December 12, 1986.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

The national automotive speed limit of 55 MPH was enacted in 1974 as an energy saving measure and was kept in place when highway fatalities dropped sharply upon its implementation. A recent NAS study endorsed the speed limit generally, but suggested that it might be modified on rural portions of interstate highways. Legislation is pending in Congress that would allow the States to raise the limit on rural interstates; President Reagan has now endorsed this concept.,Abstract -- Summary -- Background -- State Enforcement of the Speed Limit -- Public Opinion -- "Fuzzbusters' -- The National Academy of Sciences Study -- Speed Limit Legislation in the 99th Congress -- Reagan Administration Position -- Changing the Speed Limit-Pros and Cons.,CRS 86-634 SPR,September 15, 1986,SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Introduction -- Comparison of PVA Model Regulations with ANSI Standards and Regulations Issued Pursuant to the Architectural Barriers Act. Definitions of Handicapped Person ; Designated Handicapped Parking Space -- Comparison of PVA Model Regulations to the State Statute. Motor Vehicle Identification ; Parking Privileges for Handicapped Persons ; Parking Privileges for Temporarily Handicapped Persons ; Rules and Regulations for Issuance ; Penalty Provisions -- Summary -- Appendix A.,Nancy Lee Jones, Legislative Attorney, American Law Attorney,CRS 85-724 A,"April 5, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This paper, using the period from May 1982 to May 1983 as a case study, will examine the reasons for the inflexibility of rates charged by banks on consumer loans relative to rates charged by banks on business loans. The first half of the paper will attempt to establish the differences, and the reasons for such differences, in changes between consumer loan rates and commercial loan charges. nnThe second half of the paper will analyze the reasons for these differences in light of bank yields on outstanding loans to consumers and businesses from 1966 through 1983. Finally, current data will be examined from the point of view of the conclusions reached in the report.,Abstract -- Executive Summary -- Introduction -- Sources of Funds for Consumer Credit -- Behavior of Bank Consumer Loan Rates. May 1982 to May 1983 ; Consumer Loan Rates in Past Recoveries ; Variability of Consumer Rates ; The Inverted Yield Curve ; The Positive Yield Curve ; Comparison with Open-Market Rates -- Interest Rate Deregulation and Consumer Loan Rates. Post-War Consumer Lending by Banks ; Regulation of Interest Rates-Regulation "Q" ; Deregulation of Interest Rates ; Effects of Deregulation ; Borrowing Short and Lending Long ; Price and Non-Price Competition ; Usury Ceilings -- Conclusions.,Helen J. Scott, Specialist in Money and Banking, Economics Division,CRS 85-818 E,"May 17, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

Sharon Stephan, Analyst in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 85-571 EPW,"February 14, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

Rita Ann Reimer, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 85-549 A,"January 24, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This report provides brief summaries of selected proposals to revise programs of aid for needy children and their families. All proposals would alter treatment of recipients of the program of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), and some also include recommendations to revise cash welfare for the needy aged, blind, or disabled (Supplemental Security Income--SSI). nnThe report summarizes several provisions of current law and then describes how the proposals would change them. Examined are: benefit rules, work/school obligations, treatment of earnings, job refusal on income grounds, eligibility of two-parent families, the Federal funding share, and the interaction of AFDC with other programs.,Vee Burke, Specialist in Social Legislation and Carmen D. Solomon, Analyst in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division,CRS 87-309 EPW,"January 20, 1987"n"Updated August 17, 1987.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This report discusses the 1986 Tax Reform Act's potential effects on the level of State and local spending, State tax structures, interstate tax competition, and State and local use of tax-exempt bonds.,The Level of State and Local Spending. After-Federal-Tax Cost of a State or Local Tax Dollar ; Linkage between Federal and State Income Tax Bases -- State Tax Structures. Linkage of Income Tax Bases ; After-Federal-Tax Cost of State and Local Tax Dollars -- Interstate Tax Competition -- State and Local Use of Tax-Exempt Bonds. General Eligibility Criteria for Tax-Exempt Status ; Exceptions to the General Eligibility Criteria ; Volume Restrictions ; Implications for Tax-Exempt Bond Volume -- Conclusions.,Dennis Zimmerman, Specialist in Public Finance, Economics Division,CRS 87-233 E,"March 20, 1987.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

Charles Dale, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division.,CRS 85-585 A,"February 13, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This paper presents the legislative history of Medicare's Utilization and Quality Control Peer Review Organization (PRO) program, a summary of major program features and the issues which surround them, and finally an overview of other relevant issues.,Joseph A. Cislowski, Analyst in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division,CRS 87-258 EPW,"March 25, 1987.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This table includes appropriations for fiscal years 1980 through 1987 for selected health programs administered by the Department of Health and Human Services. To the maximum extent possible, appropriations shown on the table include funding for program activities only, and exclude program support funds for administrative activities.,CRS 87-272 EPW,"March 27, 1987.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

Mortgage brokers seem to be largely uncovered by comprehensive regulation, either state or federal. Some states have recently made some efforts at regulation; some federal agencies have certain authority that impacts upon the industry; and the industry itself is said to have engaged in certain self-policing activities.,M. Maureen Murphy, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 87-219 A,"February 18, 1987.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The Tax Reform Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-514) was signed into law on October 22, 1986. This report provides a brief chronology of the Act, a summary of the major changes in individual and business taxation, and a side-by-side comparison of the major individual and business tax provisions of the Act as they compare to prior law. The report also includes an extensive listing of CRS products that treat many issues relating to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 in greater detail.,Chronology of the Tax Reform Act -- Major Changes in Individual Taxation -- Major Changes in Business Taxation -- Table 1: Provisions Affecting Individuals -- Table 2: Provisions Affecting Business -- Reports and Congressional Document -- Additional Reference Sources.,Stacey M. Kean, Analyst in Government Finance and David L. Brumbaugh, Analyst in Public Finance, Economics Division,CRS 87-231 E,"April 15, 1987.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

This paper describes the provisions of P.L. 99-177 ("Gramm-Rudman-Hollings") that pertain to Federal civil service employees and retirees.,Carolyn Merck, Specialist in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division,CRS 86-502 EPW,"January 2, 1986.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act protects most workers aged 40 through 69 against employment discrimination on account of age. Various issues under the Act are pending before the Supreme Court, in the executive branch regulatory process and in Congress. These include whether and how retirement ages for State and local public safety officers ought to be subject to current ADEA provisions; whether the Act's upper age limit of 70 for non-federal workers should be removed, thereby largely eliminating mandatory retirement on account of age; and what requirements the ADEA should impose on pension plans. Issues have also arisen related to other occupational groups-higher education faculty, airline pilots, and high level executives.,Abstract -- The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) of 1967 as Amended -- Labor Force Participation and Retirement Decisions -- Issue. Upper Age Limit of 70 in the ADEA ; Mandatory Retirement for Tenured Faculty ; State and Local Public Safety Officers ; Exemption for High Level Executives ; ADEA Enforcement Procedures ; Pension Plan Benefits ; Airline Pilots ; Other Legislative Proposals.,Sharon House, Specialist in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division,CRS 85-683 EPW,"January 17, 1984."n"Updated April 1, 1985.",SuDoc# 14. 18/3

The rising cost and reduced availability of liability insurance in recent years has been a concern for business, government, and consumers. This Editorial Commentary looks at such liability insurance areas as products liability, malpractice, local government liability, and other forms of liability insurance. n n The Editorial Commentary is divided into two sections. The first contains an introductory news article on liability insurance and a chart showing what States have been doing about this problem. The second includes editorials selected from newspapers from all regions of the United States. This section is arranged in reverse chronological order.,News Article Section. Action Set on Liability Insurance (Washington Post) ; What States are Doing (Washington Post) -- Editorial Section. Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock, Ark) ; Atlanta Constitution (Georgia) ; Atlanta Journal (Georgia) ; Chicago Tribune (Illinois) ; Christian Science Monitor (Massachussetts) ; Dallas Times Herald (Texas) ; Detroit Free Press (Michigan) ; Houston Chronicle (Texas) ; Idaho Statesman (Boise, Idaho) ; Minneapolis Star and Tribune (Minnesota) ; New York Times ; Newsday (Long Island, N.Y.) ; Portland Press Herald (Maine) ; Record (Bergen, New Jersey) ; Richmond Times Dispatch (Virginia) ; St. Petersburg Times (Florida) ; Salt Lake Tribune (Utah) ; Star-Ledger (Newark, N.J,) ; Sun (Baltimore, Md.) ; Wall Street Journal ; Washington Post.,CRS 86-631 L,"April 1986",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3