JM-185: Tag day

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This cartoon depicts two people asking for money. The top panel shows a woman collecting money for the poor and destitute on Tag Day. Tag Day is a day where people will collect money for a charity, and donors will receive a tag showing they donated. The caption for this panel says to remember the children of the poor when being ask the give. The bottom panel shows an officer asking the same man to purchase a liberty loan subscription. These were bonds distributed by the government that were used to support the war effort. In 1917, the United States was a member of the Allied Powers in World War I, which included France, England, Italy, etc. The This panel is captioned, "Don't forget your own children when you are asked to subscribe for Liberty bonds". The man is more skeptical of this purchase than of his donation on Tag Day. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-163: Suggestion for new seating arrangement in the Illinois state legislature

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This cartoon depicts the Illinois legislature in January of 1915. The legislature is divided into two groups, but not the traditional party divides of the Democrat and Republican parties. The two groups are "wet" and "dry." The members of the legislature sitting on the "wet" side are fervently against any prohibition legislation within the state of Illinois. The "dry" side is composed of politicians who favor implementing regulations of the distribution and sale of alcohol. The cartoon points out how this issue of prohibition has divided members of each political party, upsetting the status quo of the legislature (grouping by political party). These suggestions for alcohol regulations in Illinois were some of many being proposed throughout various levels of government in the United States at the time. Many found the temperance movement in the United States to be a more moral than political issue, making it a hotly debated topic within the Republican and Democrat parties. This cartoon was created only five years before the eighteenth amendment to the United States Constitution was passed, which declared the manufacture and sale of alcohol illegal. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-129: Will It be Conservative or Progressive?

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This cartoon depicts President Taft creating a message regarding railroad freight rates. In the 1910, a large portion of goods was transported on railroads in the United States. Railroad owners made large profits by charging rates to ship cargo from one location to another. One of the books in the cartoon is titled, "injunction". This likely refers to the injunction granted by Judge David P. Driver against 25 western railroads located throughout the Midwest to the West Coast, who were all members of the Western Traffic Association. This injunction was granted in Hannibal, Missouri, as a result of an executive order from President Taft. This injunction prevented any of these railroads from raising or adjusting their rates in anyway. The special assistant to the Attorney General, Edwin Grosvenor, presented charges against these railroad companies in St. Louis, Missouri. These charges allegations of price-fixing and conspiracy between these companies to collectively raise rates. President Taft's administration is known for a hard stance against trusts. Taft's predecessor, President Theodore Roosevelt, began this practice during his own administration. Another project begun during President Roosevelt's administration: the construction and governance of the Panama Canal is also shown in this cartoon. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-156: There will be some vacant chairs at today's meeting

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This cartoon depicts a meeting between Turkey, Bulgaria, Austria, Russia, and Germany. Germany stands at the head of the table. All the countries present are part of the Central Powers with the exception of Russia. The Central Powers are countries that fought against the Allied Powers or supportive of the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, the United States, etc.) in World War I. World War I began July 28, 1914, a few months before this cartoon was drawn. These countries are having a meeting about declaring an armistice to end fighting in WWI. The Central Powers wanted the terms of the armistice to be the countries of Europe would return to their original states before the war began. This was seen as unacceptable to the Allied Powers, due to the immense loss of life and unacceptable behavior of the Central Powers in starting WWI. All the empty seats of the Allied Powers demonstrate their complete lack of willingness to negotiate the end of the war with the Central Powers on their terms. The Allies would eventually win World War I in 1918 and place harsh war reparations on the Central Powers, particularly Germany. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-152: Make the punishment fit the crime

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Editorial cartoon depicting a congressman proposing that an import duty of a thousand percent be levied on Parisian furniture and works of art, using Ex-Senator Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich as a punchline to talk about the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 that was strongly influenced by the Aldrich–Vreeland Act passed in response to the Knickerbocker Crisis of 1907.
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JM-154: Huerta and Félix Díaz

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This cartoon shows McCutcheon's interpretation of events occurring in Mexico in 1913. In 1911, Francisco Madero was elected as President of Mexico defeating Mexico's long time dictator, Porfirio Diaz. After a period of Civil War in Mexico, Madero gained full control of the country from Diaz, who eventually fled to France. Francisco Madero appointed one of Porfirio Diaz's generals, Victoriano Huerta, to his inner circle. Shortly after this appointment, Huerta seized power and killed Madero and his vice president, Pino Suarez. Huerta partnered with Felix Diaz, the brother of Porfirio Diaz, to successfully complete his coup. Huerta and Diaz are drawn laughing at the claim an investigation will be made into the deaths of Madero and Suarez. Huerta eventually sought to take complete control of Mexico and forced Felix Diaz from power soon after they overtook the government. Huerta's violent betrayal sparked international outrage, causing most countries to condemn Mexico's new government. The United States denounced Huerta's regime, and the United States government would later support the Mexican revolutionaries who would fight against Huerta. The cartoon also directs the viewer's attention to a conversation between Huerta and Sir Lionel Carden, Great Britain's diplomat to Mexico. The drawing shows Great Britain's support of Huerta and his regime despite his vicious actions against leaders in Mexico. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-183: Cartoonical miscellany

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Editorial cartoon depicting three different panels. The top one shows American soldiers fighting against German forces in World War I. The middle panel shows a man sitting in a chair with a horn blast blown by a soldier and the breeze begins to melt the man's frozen feet. The draft refers to the Selective Service Act of 1917, which forced men to enlist for military service. The bottom panel shows May leaving and June entering; a man sits at a desk writing an oration on "How to settle the war"; a man and a woman get married. June is the month in which two of the three registrations for the Selective Service Act of 1917 occurred. Students and married men also were given lower preference to draft in 1917. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-172: The New York "Suffs" and the "Antis"

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This cartoon illustrates a parade to grant women's suffrage in New York. Suffrage, or the right to vote, was not granted for women by the federal government until the passing of the 19th amendment in 1920. The cartoon shows the conflict between suffragists and anti-suffragists before and after the parade. Many anti-suffragists attended the parade to discredit the message of the suffragists and inform the public most women did not wish to a "the vote". Anti-suffragists believed ,for a variety of reasons, women did not have the capacity or the desire to acquire the right to vote. The cartoon also shows the crowd's increasing enthusiasm as the parade passes. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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JM-194: Paris scenes with Franklin and Wilson

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This top panel of this cartoon shows Benjamin Franklin walking outside in Paris, France. Benjamin Franklin held the title of Commissioner to France from 1776 to 1785, while he served as an ambassador to France during and after the Revolutionary War. Benjamin Franklin is walking in a busy market place and passes an "epicere", which can be translated from French to mean a grocery. The bottom panel shows Woodrow Wilson passing through the streets of Paris in a parade. Woodrow Wilson traveled to Paris in 1919 after the fighting in WWI had ceased. Wilson attended the Paris Peace Conference, which would eventually produce the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty of Versailles is the treaty that formally concluded WWII. (Summary created by Mary Delano, MU History Intern, Spring 2018)
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