Since the Fall of 1983, there has been heightened public concern about the possible health effects of ethylene dibromide (EDB), a chemical which has caused cancer in laboratory animals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned the pesticidal use of EDB for oil fumigation in September 1983 after discovering that EDB could migrate into groundwater supplies. In December 1983 that State of Florida stopped the sale of food products which contained any detectable levels of EDB, since no Federally approved safe levels had ever been established. In February and March of 1984 EPA banned most other pesticidal uses of EDB, and recommended certain residue levels as a guide to state actions. Since that time, some of the controversy has quieted. nThis paper addresses the background of EDB, its uses, and EPA's regulatory proposals and actions.,James V. Aidala, Analyst, Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division.,CRS 84-591 ENR,"February 8, 1984.","Revised March 27, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The tables and graphs in this report are meant as background for the FY 1985 budget documents. The tables and graphs contain budget data that are consistent with the data in the FY 1985 budget. The FY 1985 budget documents contain actual data for FY 1983, estimated budget data for FY 1984, and the requested budget for FY 1985 (and beyond). Thus, the tables in this report can be extended beyond 1982 by adding data from the tables in the back of the budget document, Budget of the United States Government, FY 1985.,Philip D. Winters, Analyst in Public Finance, Economics Division,CRS 84-524 E,"January 30, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Banking deregulation may be defined as the loosening of regulatory constraints on these institutions. Since the late 1970s, and as part of a broader trend toward deregulation, banking organizations have experienced many important changes in their regulatory environment. This report identifies the different kinds of deregulation that are under way. It then presents some "pro and con" arguments applicable both to financial deregulation generally and to specific kinds of banking deregulation under consideration in the Congress at the present time. Additional references are provided.,F. Jean Wells, Specialist in Money and Banking, Economics Division,CRS 84-574 E,"March 22, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

From FY 1976 to FY 1982, total child support collections rose from $512 million to $1.8 billion; Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) collections rose from $204 million to $787 million. During the same period, the number of paternities established increased from 15,000 to 174,000. Notwithstanding its achievements, changes are proposed in the program because of the rising net cost of the program to the Federal Government and the perception that many parents still fail to pay child support obligations. nThis paper examines the financing of the child support enforcement program, discusses various collection methods, explains the Administration's budget recommendations to restructure the Federal financing of the program, and analyzes title V of the proposed Economic Equity Act.,Carmen D. Solomon, Analyst in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division,CRS 83-530 EPW,"May 31, 1983.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report examines the importance of sole source aquifers of groundwater to the Nation's drinking water supply and how these aquifers are protected under Federal law. The report also includes a description of the sole source aquifers recognized by the Environmental Protection Agency and identifies the Congressional districts that overlie them. At this time, 17 sole source aquifers in 12 States have been designated, and they are located beneath all or parts of 49 Congressional districts.,CRS 84-573 ENR,"March 21, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report contains detailed analyses of each of the Reagan Administration's budget requests for selected programs within the Department of Education for the fiscal years 1982 through 1985. Included are comparisons of each budget request to the funding level in effect at the time the request was submitted to the Congress and to the final appropriations for the fiscal year addressed by the request. In addition, the report contains a brief overview of the aggregate budget requests and funding levels for the Department of Education between fiscal years 1981 and 1985. Supplemental appropriations and rescission requests are discussed separately. Funding levels used in the report are in current dollars and are not adjusted for inflation.,Angela Evans, Specialist in Education, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 84-559 EPW,"March 14, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report provides the FY 1984 budget authority and the FY 1985 authorizations of appropriations for programs administered by the Department of Education. Where FY 1985 authorizations are not directly or explicitly specified in statute, an FY 1985 authorization level is provided by applying the automatic extension provisions of the General Education Provisions Act.,Angela Evans, Specialist in Education, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 84-530 EPW,"February 8, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

As of March 1, 1983, at least 10 States had enacted "plant closing" laws. These laws take various forms. Some require businesses to notify workers in advance of a closing. Others require the State or businesses to provide such benefits as health insurance, severance pay, or reemployment assistance to displaced workers. Still others set up a program of assistance to help workers buy plants threatened with closure. This paper outlines and compares the provisions of these 10 State laws.,Mary Jane Bolle, Specialist in Labor Economics, and Gerald E. Saunders, Reference Assistant, Labor Section, Econmics Division.,CRS 84-556 E,"March 6, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This compilation presents editorials printed during January 1, 1984 to January 7, 1985 on comparable worth and equal pay. The editorials represent all those appearing on that subject in 55 newspapers monitored by the Congressional Research Service. The editorials are arranged by region (East, South, Midwest and West) to illustrate the concerns and responses in various parts of the country, and chronologically within each regional section. In addition, several articles, presenting press coverage of the issues, introduce the compilation and provide background information.,Sherry B. Shapiro, Senior Bibliographer, Government and Law.,CRS 85-575 L,"February 22, 1985.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Lillian Rymarowicz, Analyst in Public Finance, Economics Division.,CRS 84-586 E,"March 27, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Abstract -- Introduction -- Recent Compensation Increases. Industry Perspective -- Beyond Compensation?. Customs and Norms -- Efficient Markets?. Rational Expectations -- Compensation and Performance. Positive Relationships ; Corporate Structure ; Corporate Size ; Corporate Performance -- Policy Implications -- Conclusions -- Appendix.,CRS 84-664 E,"July 3, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3,The report scanned is missing several pages. Its missing the abstract page, all even numbered pages between pages 1 and 31, and page 33.

CRS 84-686 ENR,"June 27, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The possible adverse health effects of chronic occupational exposure to video display terminals (VDT's) are discussed. There persists a controversy about the possible causes of wide range of maladies, including pregnancy disorders, reported by many VDT operators in the United States and Canada. It is not clear at this time whether adverse health effects are caused by low levels of low frequency non-ionizing radiations or other ergonomic factors in the VDT workplace.,Abstract -- Introduction. The Issue -- Background. Continuing Public and Congressional Concerns -- Legal and Regulatory Action -- Health and Biological Effects of Low-Level, Low Frequency Non-Ionizing Radiation. Public and Occupational Exposures ; Basic Research on Reproductive Effects -- Some Theories About VDT and Electromagnetic Health Effects -- Summary and Conclusions -- Table 1 -- Table 2.,CRS 84-500 SPR,"January 6, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

For at least the past fifteen years, legislation to create a reduced wage option for employers of youth workers (a sub-minimum wage) has been more-or-less continuously before the Congress. New proposals to amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (as amended) to provide for a general youth sub-minimum wage have been introduced in the 97th and 98th Congresses. This paper presents a brief overview of recent legislative consideration of the sub-minimum wage issue.,Background -- General Congressional Interest -- The Reagan Administration Initiatives -- Some Issues in Contention.,CRS 84-688 E,"July 2, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report on leaking underground storage tanks examines the potential threat to groundwater, the lack of understanding of the extent of the problem, the existing regulatory controls for storage tanks, and the issues associated with the problem.,CRS 84-508 ENR,"January 11, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

CRS 84-521 ENR,"January 18, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The report summarizes the present state of knowledge with respect to research and assessment of carbon dioxide effects, articulating the areas of emerging consensus and continuing disagreement, and focusing attention on the crucial uncertainties. Key scientific, technical, and social issues of contemporary carbon dioxide/climate debate are identified, and the implications and options for dealing with the possible effects of carbon dioxide-induced climatic change are outlined.,Abstract -- The Issue -- What is the Greenhouse Effect -- Increases in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration: What the Record Indicates -- Sources and Sinks for Carbon Dioxide -- Temperature Effects -- Analysis and Discussion. Predicting Future Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels ; The Detection Problem: Finding the Signal in the Noise ; Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on People and the Environment -- Summary and Conclusions.,CRS 84-594 SPR,"February 1, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report examines the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) policy governing children's programming practices on commercial networks. It discusses the calls for formal FCC standards by consumer groups, and FCC support of industry self regulation. Constitutional implications related to First Amendment rights of broadcasters are also discussed, along with the role played by Congress in its attempt to resolve the apparent impasse between the parties.,Abstract -- Introduction -- History and Background. Industry Changes in Children's Programming Guidelines -- Federal Communications Commission's 1974 Children's Television Report and Policy Statement. ACT's Response to the 1974 Children's Policy Statement ; The 1979 Children's Television Task Force -- Congressional Action Regarding Quantification Standards for Children's Televisions -- Summary Observations -- Appendix: Federal Communications Commission: A Children's Programming Fact Sheet.,CRS 84-663 E,"June 6, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Three bills to reform the nuclear regulatory process have been submitted to the 98th Congress and draft sections of a fourth have been circulated. All four bills share the same general purposes which include: encouraging the standardization of nuclear powerplant designs; ensuring early and effective public participation in the nuclear powerplant licensing process; promoting the stability of regulatory standards; and improving the efficiency of the licensing process. This report compares the major provisions of the four bills and analyzes their potential impact.,Introduction -- Pre-Approval of Designs. Overview of Pre-Approval of Designs ; Analysis of Pre-Approval of Designs -- Early Site Approval. Overview of Early Site Approval ; Analysis of Early Site Approval -- Combined Construction and Operating Licenses. Overview of Combined Construction and Operating Licenses ; Analysis of Combined Construction and Operating Licenses -- Limits on Modifications and Backfits. Overview of Limits on Modifications and Backfits ; Analysis of Limits on Modifications and Backfits -- Side-By-Side of Pre-Approval of Designs -- Side-By-Side of Early Site Approval -- Side-By-Side of Combined Construction and Operating Licenses -- Side-By-Side of Limits on Modifications and Backfits.,Robert L. Civiak, Specialist in Energy Technology, Science Policy Research Division.,CRS 84-645 SPR,"May 14, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

There continues to be public concern about the health and safety impacts of high-voltage AC and DC power lines, either already existing or planned, and of proposed United States Navy extra-low-frequency (ELF) communications antennas. The Departments of Energy and Navy have taken the position that no significant biological, ecological, or human health effects are to be expected from these technologies. However, certain members of the scientific community have presented evidence over the past four years that there may be subtle, adverse health effects of low-level, low-frequency electromagnetic radiation of the type produced by power line and communications systems. Examinations continue to confirm or deny these latter observations.,Christopher H. Dodge, Specialist in Life Sciences, Science and Policy Research Division.,The original report is missing p. 17.,CRS 84-579 SPR,"March 16, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3