This report provides the FY 1984 budget authority and the FY 1985 authorizations of appropriations for programs administered by the Department of Education. Where FY 1985 authorizations are not directly or explicitly specified in statute, an FY 1985 authorization level is provided by applying the automatic extension provisions of the General Education Provisions Act.,Angela Evans, Specialist in Education, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 84-530 EPW,"February 8, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

As of March 1, 1983, at least 10 States had enacted "plant closing" laws. These laws take various forms. Some require businesses to notify workers in advance of a closing. Others require the State or businesses to provide such benefits as health insurance, severance pay, or reemployment assistance to displaced workers. Still others set up a program of assistance to help workers buy plants threatened with closure. This paper outlines and compares the provisions of these 10 State laws.,Mary Jane Bolle, Specialist in Labor Economics, and Gerald E. Saunders, Reference Assistant, Labor Section, Econmics Division.,CRS 84-556 E,"March 6, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This compilation presents editorials printed during January 1, 1984 to January 7, 1985 on comparable worth and equal pay. The editorials represent all those appearing on that subject in 55 newspapers monitored by the Congressional Research Service. The editorials are arranged by region (East, South, Midwest and West) to illustrate the concerns and responses in various parts of the country, and chronologically within each regional section. In addition, several articles, presenting press coverage of the issues, introduce the compilation and provide background information.,Sherry B. Shapiro, Senior Bibliographer, Government and Law.,CRS 85-575 L,"February 22, 1985.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Lillian Rymarowicz, Analyst in Public Finance, Economics Division.,CRS 84-586 E,"March 27, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Abstract -- Introduction -- Recent Compensation Increases. Industry Perspective -- Beyond Compensation?. Customs and Norms -- Efficient Markets?. Rational Expectations -- Compensation and Performance. Positive Relationships ; Corporate Structure ; Corporate Size ; Corporate Performance -- Policy Implications -- Conclusions -- Appendix.,CRS 84-664 E,"July 3, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3,The report scanned is missing several pages. Its missing the abstract page, all even numbered pages between pages 1 and 31, and page 33.

CRS 84-686 ENR,"June 27, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The possible adverse health effects of chronic occupational exposure to video display terminals (VDT's) are discussed. There persists a controversy about the possible causes of wide range of maladies, including pregnancy disorders, reported by many VDT operators in the United States and Canada. It is not clear at this time whether adverse health effects are caused by low levels of low frequency non-ionizing radiations or other ergonomic factors in the VDT workplace.,Abstract -- Introduction. The Issue -- Background. Continuing Public and Congressional Concerns -- Legal and Regulatory Action -- Health and Biological Effects of Low-Level, Low Frequency Non-Ionizing Radiation. Public and Occupational Exposures ; Basic Research on Reproductive Effects -- Some Theories About VDT and Electromagnetic Health Effects -- Summary and Conclusions -- Table 1 -- Table 2.,CRS 84-500 SPR,"January 6, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

For at least the past fifteen years, legislation to create a reduced wage option for employers of youth workers (a sub-minimum wage) has been more-or-less continuously before the Congress. New proposals to amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (as amended) to provide for a general youth sub-minimum wage have been introduced in the 97th and 98th Congresses. This paper presents a brief overview of recent legislative consideration of the sub-minimum wage issue.,Background -- General Congressional Interest -- The Reagan Administration Initiatives -- Some Issues in Contention.,CRS 84-688 E,"July 2, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report on leaking underground storage tanks examines the potential threat to groundwater, the lack of understanding of the extent of the problem, the existing regulatory controls for storage tanks, and the issues associated with the problem.,CRS 84-508 ENR,"January 11, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

CRS 84-521 ENR,"January 18, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The report summarizes the present state of knowledge with respect to research and assessment of carbon dioxide effects, articulating the areas of emerging consensus and continuing disagreement, and focusing attention on the crucial uncertainties. Key scientific, technical, and social issues of contemporary carbon dioxide/climate debate are identified, and the implications and options for dealing with the possible effects of carbon dioxide-induced climatic change are outlined.,Abstract -- The Issue -- What is the Greenhouse Effect -- Increases in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration: What the Record Indicates -- Sources and Sinks for Carbon Dioxide -- Temperature Effects -- Analysis and Discussion. Predicting Future Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels ; The Detection Problem: Finding the Signal in the Noise ; Effects of Increasing Carbon Dioxide on People and the Environment -- Summary and Conclusions.,CRS 84-594 SPR,"February 1, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report examines the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) policy governing children's programming practices on commercial networks. It discusses the calls for formal FCC standards by consumer groups, and FCC support of industry self regulation. Constitutional implications related to First Amendment rights of broadcasters are also discussed, along with the role played by Congress in its attempt to resolve the apparent impasse between the parties.,Abstract -- Introduction -- History and Background. Industry Changes in Children's Programming Guidelines -- Federal Communications Commission's 1974 Children's Television Report and Policy Statement. ACT's Response to the 1974 Children's Policy Statement ; The 1979 Children's Television Task Force -- Congressional Action Regarding Quantification Standards for Children's Televisions -- Summary Observations -- Appendix: Federal Communications Commission: A Children's Programming Fact Sheet.,CRS 84-663 E,"June 6, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Three bills to reform the nuclear regulatory process have been submitted to the 98th Congress and draft sections of a fourth have been circulated. All four bills share the same general purposes which include: encouraging the standardization of nuclear powerplant designs; ensuring early and effective public participation in the nuclear powerplant licensing process; promoting the stability of regulatory standards; and improving the efficiency of the licensing process. This report compares the major provisions of the four bills and analyzes their potential impact.,Introduction -- Pre-Approval of Designs. Overview of Pre-Approval of Designs ; Analysis of Pre-Approval of Designs -- Early Site Approval. Overview of Early Site Approval ; Analysis of Early Site Approval -- Combined Construction and Operating Licenses. Overview of Combined Construction and Operating Licenses ; Analysis of Combined Construction and Operating Licenses -- Limits on Modifications and Backfits. Overview of Limits on Modifications and Backfits ; Analysis of Limits on Modifications and Backfits -- Side-By-Side of Pre-Approval of Designs -- Side-By-Side of Early Site Approval -- Side-By-Side of Combined Construction and Operating Licenses -- Side-By-Side of Limits on Modifications and Backfits.,Robert L. Civiak, Specialist in Energy Technology, Science Policy Research Division.,CRS 84-645 SPR,"May 14, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

There continues to be public concern about the health and safety impacts of high-voltage AC and DC power lines, either already existing or planned, and of proposed United States Navy extra-low-frequency (ELF) communications antennas. The Departments of Energy and Navy have taken the position that no significant biological, ecological, or human health effects are to be expected from these technologies. However, certain members of the scientific community have presented evidence over the past four years that there may be subtle, adverse health effects of low-level, low-frequency electromagnetic radiation of the type produced by power line and communications systems. Examinations continue to confirm or deny these latter observations.,Christopher H. Dodge, Specialist in Life Sciences, Science and Policy Research Division.,The original report is missing p. 17.,CRS 84-579 SPR,"March 16, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report is an outline of those provisions of the Federal tax code which provide incentives for the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol fuels. nTo promote the production and use of alcohol fuels, under present Federal tax law there is an exemption from the gasoline excise taxes, three types of income tax credits (the blender's fuel credit, the alternative fuel production credit, and the business energy investment tax credit), and an exemption on interest income on industrial development bonds.,Abstract -- Introduction -- Exemption from Manufacturer's Excise Tax on Gasoline and Special Motor Fuels -- the Alcohol Fuels (Blender's) Tax Credit -- The Alternative Fuels Production Tax Credit -- The Business Energy Investment Tax Credits. Alternative Energy Property ; Biomass Property -- Tax-Exempt Interest on Industrial Development Bonds.,Salvatore Lazzari, Analyst in Taxation and Fiscal Policy, Economics Division.,CRS 84-682 E,"June 28, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Much attention has recently been focused on the chemical ethylene dibromide (EDB). This chemical has been widely used in leaded gasoline, and has also been used to treat grains, citrus and other crops. It has been found in foods and in groundwater. This paper examines the possible health effects of exposure to EDB, as well as its regulation. The possible health effects and regulation of various chemical and physical alternatives to EDB are also examined. This paper concludes with some policy considerations pertinent to EDB.,Abstract -- Introduction -- Health Effects of EDB -- Acute Effects -- Health Effects of Alternatives to EDB -- Acute Effects. Carbon Disulfide ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Ethylene Dichloride ; Methyl Bromide -- Long-term Effects. Carbon Disulfide ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Ethylene Dichloride ; Methyl Bromide -- Standards -- Points for Further Consideration.,Michael M. Simpson, Analyst in Life Sciences, Science Policy Research Division.,CRS 84-518 SPR,"January 26, 1984.","Updated February 15, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report portrays and discusses Federal spending for education programs in the context of a 26-year span: the past 20 years of actual experience (1964-1983) and the spending plan for the next six years proposed in the President's 1985 budget. In addition to the 26-year review, various measures such as spending in constant dollars, as a percent of the gross national product (GNP), as a percent of total Federal budget and annual and cumulative change analyses are reduced to provide context and perspective.,Angela M. Evans, Specialist in Education, Richard V. Rimkunas, Analyst in Social Legislation, and Gene Falk, Technical Information Specialist, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 84-582 EPW,"March 16, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

EDB is being removed from major agricultural uses because of concerns about possible adverse effects on human health. Regulatory actions to remove EDB from the food system will have impacts on the agricultural community. Uses of EDB in agriculture, regulatory actions to remove EDB from the food system quickly, and possible impacts of those regulatory actions on domestic and international markets are discussed.,Jeffrey Zinn, Specialist in Natural Resources Policy Division.,CRS 84-545 ENR,"February 9, 1984.","Updated March 19, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The High Technology Research and Scientific Education Act of 1983 (S. 2165) would modify and extend the tax credit for research and development costs. This report explains the proposed changes and discusses issues surrounding the use of tax incentives for stimulating research and development.,Jane Gravelle, Specialist in Industry Analysis and Finance, Economics Division.,CRS 84-539 E,"January 31, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The primer describes basic budget documents, providing notes on content, usual date of issue, distribution, and availability at the Library of Congress.,Kurt E. Beske and Kristin M. Vajs, Bibliographers, Library Services Division.,CRS 84-516 L,"February 10, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3