The right of satellite dish owners to tune into cable programs being relayed by satellite signals has been the subject of extensive consideration by the 98th Congress. On October 30, 1984, enactment of Public Law No. 98-549, effective on December 29, 1984, provided a statutory right of backyard dish owners to watch cable programming being carried by the unencrypted satellite signals. However, if the owners to the rights of such programming establish a marketing system for the sale of such viewing rights, the dish owners are obligated to purchase such rights at the agreed upon price. nThe report briefly discusses the provisions and context of this new law. A more in-depth analysis of the subject area is contained in the CRS report entitled Unauthorized Reception of Communications Satellite Signals Carrying Video Programs dated August 6, 1984 (before passage of the new law).,Pages 3, 5, 7, and 9 are missing.,David R. Siddall, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division.,CRS 84-846 A,"December 14, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This report describes the technical, environmental and economic considerations that shape the potential for methanol-powered vehicles to displace conventionally-powered cars and buses. It also identifies Federal policies which affect methanol vehicle development, fuel use and fuel production. The major proposals to encourage methanol vehicle use, including H.R. 4855 (Sharp) and H.R. 5075 (Broyhill), are examined; and their policy options are discussed.,Abstract -- Introduction -- Background. Current Use of Methanol for Transportation ; Potential for Methanol Vehicles; Experience with Methanol Cars ; Environmental Advantages ; Environmental Disadvantages ; Sources of Methanol Fuel Production ; Methanol Fuel Industry ; Economics of Fuel Use Production ; Consumer Fuel Costs ; Costs of Producing Methanol from Coal ; Employment Impact of Coal-to-Methanol Plants ; Methanol Imports May Compete with Methanol From Domestic Coal ; Other Alternatives to Gasoline-Powered Vehicles ; Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) ; Synthetic Gasoline ; Ethanol ; Electric Cars -- Federal Program and Policies. Methaol Vehicle and Fuel Use Policy; Department of Transportation ; Environmental Protection Agency ; White House Methanol Policy Group; Methanol Fuel Production Policy -- Barriers to Commercialization -- Summary and Analysis of Policy Options for Congressional Action. (1) Federal Passenger Car Pilot Program ; (2) Federal Bus Pilot Program ; (3) Executive Agency Car Acquisition Program ; (4) State and Local Bus Purchases with Federal Funds ; (5) Passenger Car Tax Credits ; (6) Interagency Methanol Commission ; (7) Methanol Energy Equivalency ; (8) Methanol Fuel Tax Exemption for Natural Gas ; (9) Allocation of Highway Revenue ; (10) Emission Test Procedures ; (11) Turbine and Boiler Studies and Demonstrations ; (12) Pipeline Transport Study -- Concluding Observations,CRS 84-621 SPR,"May 1, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

David M. Ackerman, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 84-842 A,"September 26, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This paper provides background information and a discussion of issues related to: (1) trends in achievement test scores in elementary and secondary education; (2) trends in Federal aid to education at that level; and (3) possible direct and indirect relationships between the achievement test score trends and Federal programs.,Introduction -- Recent Trends in Achievement Test Scores -- Trends in Funding for, and Participation in, Federal Programs of Aid for Elementary and Secondary Education -- Discussion of the Direct Impact of Federal Aid to Elementary and Secondary Education: Relationships of Achievement Test Scores and Federal Program Participation -- Discussion of Possible Indirect Effects of Federal Assistance on Achievement in Elementary and Secondary Education,CRS 84-627 EPW,"May 3, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Rita Ann Reimer, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division.,CRS 84-862 A,"December 14, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Robert Meltz, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division.,CRS 85-976 A,"September 3, 1985.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (H.R. 3838) there would be only two statutory marginal tax rates for individuals, 15 and 28 percent. In addition to reducing statutory marginal tax rates, H.R. 3838 would phase out certain tax provisions over various income ranges. These phaseout provisions would produce an effective marginal tax rate schedule considerably different from the statutory schedule. This paper describes the phaseout provisions contained in H.R. 3838 and analyzes their effects on marginal tax rates.,Abstract -- Phaseout of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) -- Phaseout of Deductible IRA Contributions -- Phaseout of the 15 Percent Tax Rate Bracket -- Phaseout of Losses from Passive Activities -- Phaseout of the Personal Exemption -- Summary.,CRS 86-912 E,"September 26, 1986.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This document provides (1) background information on hospice care and a summary of current law provisions authorizing coverage for hospice care under Medicare; (2) information on the National Hospice Study; (3) information on the implementation of the hospice benefit; and (4) a discussion of hospice issues.,Richard J. Price, Specialist in Social Legislation, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 84-756,"September 19, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This Editorial Commentary includes editorials on the problem of drunk driving in the United States selected from 100 newspapers monitored by the Congressional Research Service. The Commentary is divided into four sections focusing on different aspects of the problem. The first section concentrates on general commentary on drunk driving, the second laws and legislative efforts, the third roadblocks and their legality, and the final one the elimination of "happy hours" at bars. The editorials are arranged chronologically within each section.,Abstract -- Contents -- General -- Laws and Legislative Efforts -- Roadblocks -- Bars and "Happy Hours.",Marsha K. Cerny, Senior Bibliographer, Education and Public Welfare, Library Services Division,CRS 84-830 L,"December 21, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Rita Ann Reimer, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division.,CRS 85-890 A,"July 19, 1985.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The transfer of air carrier service between airports in the same community is generally thought to have adverse economic effects on the airport losing service. This report briefly examines experience with airport relocation in four communities. Further, this experience is related to prospects for air carrier activity relocation in the Washington, D.C., Metropolitan Area.*,Abstract -- Introduction -- Scope -- Background -- Experience. Chicago ; Houston ; Kansas City ; Dallas-Fort Worth -- Implications for Washington, D.C., Area Airports -- Conclusion -- Bibliography.,John W. Fischer, Analyst in Transportation, Economic Division, with the assistance of Jose Padus, Research Assistant,CRS 84-699 E,"July 20, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Rita Ann Reimer, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 87-325 A,"April 10, 1987.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Rita Ann Reimer, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 84-848 A,"November 6, 1984.","Updated December 24, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Before 1980, when a disabled person's counted income exceeded the substantial gainful activity (SGA) level, his Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits were ended. This caused the loss of Medicaid benefits too in many States. Critics argued that the low SGA amount created a disincentive to work. nThe Social Security Disability Amendments of 1980, P.L. 96-265, allowed disabled SSI recipients who worked and earned more than the SGA amount to receive a special SSI benefit and thereby remain eligible for Medicaid. The 1980 amendments included a number of provisions designed to encourage disabled recipients to attempt to return to work. This paper analyzes the current rules on work-related earnings and also examines past policies.,CRS 84-825 EPW,"November 26, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

Laws Implicated By Shipments of Military Materials to Iran, Raymond J. Celada, Senior Specialist. November 20, 1986, revised November 24, 1986. Covert shipments of war materials to Iran raise issues concerning the wisdom of Administration policies and the legality of the shipments and the procedures followed in making them. This report deals with the legal issues and highlights the following authorities as being immediately implicated: the Arms Export Control Act, the Foreign Assistance Act, the Export Administration Act, the National Security Act, the Hostage Act, and potentially various funding and expenditure regulations.,Introduction -- Iran, Terrorism and "Embargo" -- Funding and Conduct of Intelligence Activities -- Funding -- Hostage Act -- Conclusion.,Raymond J. Celada, Senior Specialist in American Public Law.,CRS 86-1005 A,"November 20, 1986.","Revised November 24, 1986.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

CRS 85-997 An Incorrect report number written on report.,"September 9, 1985.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

This paper provides background information and a discussion of the issues relating to Federal policy for the education of gifted and talented children since the late 1960s.,Introduction -- Part I: National Recognition of the Special Education Needs of Gifted and Talented Children: 1969-1974 -- Part II: Development of Federal Categorical Programs for the Education of the Gifted and Talented: 1974-1978 -- Part III: Withdrawal of Specific Federal Support for the Gifted and Talented: 1981-1983 -- Part IV: Current Legislation Issues: 1984.,Angela M. Evans, Specialist in Education, Education and Public Welfare Division.,CRS 84-640 EPW,"May 16, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

David R. Siddall, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 84-853 A,"September 13, 1984.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

At the end of the last session of Congress, Congress overwhelming approved reauthorization of the Clean Water Act. President Reagan, objecting to the cost involved, vetoed the legislation. The Act was promptly reintroduced at the beginning of the 100th Congress and again overwhelming passed by both Houses of Congress, vetoed again by President Reagan, and subsequently passed by both Houses of Congress by sufficiently large margins to override the veto. This Overviews presents editorial commentary on the reauthorization of the Clean Water Act, the President's veto, and whether or not the Act should be reauthorized over President Reagan's objections.,Where Clean Water Act Funds Would Go (New York Times) -- Editorials. Atlanta Constitution [Georgia] ; (Baltimore) Sun [Maryland] ; (Bergen) Record [New Jersey] ; Birmingham News [Alabama] ; Chicago Tribune [Illinois] ; Christian Science Monitor [Massachusettes] ; (Cleveland) Plain Dealer [Ohio] ; Des Moines Register [Iowa] ; Detroit Free Press [Michigan] ; Hartford Courant [Connecticut] ; Kansas City Times [Kansas] ; (Little Rock) Arkansas Gazette ; (Long Island) Newsday [New York] ; Miami Herald [Florida] ; Minneapolis Star and Tribune [Minnestoa] ; Milwaukee Tribune [Wisconsin] ; (Nashville) Tennessean ; (New Orleans) Times-Picayune [Louisiana] ; New York Times ; Philadelphia Inquirer [Pennsylvania] ; (Portland) Oregonian ; St. Louis Pos-Dispatch [Missouri] ; Salt Lake Tribune [Utah] ; Seattle Post-Intelligencer [Washington] ; Seattle Times [Washington] ; Washington Post ; Wichita Eagle-Beacon [Kansas],This Overviews was compiled by Adrienne Grenfell. Ann Eschete was responsible for this production of the editorials; Marsha Cerny oversaw the production of the publication.,CRS 87-86 L,"January 1987.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3

The Price-Anderson Act creates a source of funds to cover liability resulting from a nuclear incident, and also limits liability per incident. Key elements of the Act expire August 1, 1987. This report offers side-by-side comparison of the leading reauthorization bills pending at the close of the 99th Congress.,Robert Meltz, Legislative Attorney, American Law Division,CRS 86-1013 A,"November 24, 1986.",SuDoc# LC 14. 18/3